Standard Operating Procedures Research Articles

Critical parameters to standardize the size and concentration determination of nanomaterials by nanoparticle tracking analysis

The size and concentration are critical for the diagnostic and therapeutic applications of nanomaterials but the accurate measurement remains challenging. Nanoparticle tracking analysis (NTA) is widely used for size and concentration determination. However, highly repeatable standard operating procedures (SOPs) are absent. We adopted the “search-evaluate-test” strategy to standardize the measurement by searching the critical parameters. The particles per frame are linearly proportional to the sample concentration and the measured results are more accurate and repeatable when the concentration is 108-109 particles/ml. The optimal detection threshold is around 5. The optimal camera level is such that it allows clear observation of particles without diffractive rings and overexposure. The optimal speed is ≤ 50 in AU and ∼ 10 μl/min in flow rate. We then evaluated the protocol using polydisperse polystyrene particles and we found that NTA could discriminate particles in bimodal mixtures with high size resolution but the performance on multimodal mixtures is not as good as that of resistive pulse sensing (RPS). We further analyzed the polystyrene particles, SiO2 particles, and biological samples by NTA following the SOPs. The size and concentration measured by NTA differentially varies to those determined by RPS and transmission electron microscopy.

[Suctioning in intubated and tracheotomized patients : Anarrative review].

Endotracheal suctioning in intubated or tracheotomized critically ill patients is adaily task of various professional groups in intensive and emergency medicine; however, aGerman language summary of current evidence is lacking. The aim is to develop anarrative overview of current evidence on endotracheal suctioning of intubated or tracheotomized patients in the clinical setting. Aliterature search was conducted in the databases Cinahl, Cochrane Library, Livivo, and Medline via PubMed by nurses with an academic degree. In addition, ahand search and applying the snowball principle were performed. Following asuccessful critical appraisal, all English and German language publications addressing endotracheal suctioning in the context of hospital care were included. Atotal of 23 full texts were included. After developing 6 main topics on endotracheal suction 19articles were considered in the reporting. The results showed, among others, that routine deep suctioning once per shift is contraindicated and that the catheter should be advanced no more than 0.5-1 cm beyond the distal end of the tube or tracheal cannula. Closed suction catheters offer advantages, especially for staff protection, although studies are heterogeneous. Further training of staff is obligatory. Few conclusive studies on endotracheal suction could be found; however, with the available evidence initial conclusions can be drawn which should be considered in, for example, internal standard operating procedures. Further research is needed.

Devising of Lazūq (A Conventional Unani Dosage Form) with reference to Transdermal Patch; Then and Now: A Critical Review

Objective: The endeavor is made to criticize the classical indications, preparations and application of Lazūq even after passing many centuries since its inception. Background: According to classical Unani literature, Lazūq is primarily formulated for headache, migraine, toothache, cervical pain, dropping of uvula and different types of pain like sciatica, backache, myalgia and some orthopedic conditions. Its approach is still conventional that encompasses thick sticky stuff of drug/s which is pasted over a cloth or thick paper, consequently, maximum ratio of medicinal properties remains insignificant owed to stratum corneum (layer of skin that functions as a barrier). Devising and method of drug delivery in classical form of Lazūq makes it inconvenient to the patient, thus, it drops patient’s compliance and anticipated efficacy. In this day and age, Unani practitioners do not prescribe it very often because of its devising and limited indications documented in classical literature. Hence, it’s now becoming out of practice. Whereas, modern medicine is practicing its novel approach epitomized as Transdermal patch for several bodily conditions like Acute post-operative pain, Alzheimer disease, Angina pectoris, Anti-emetic patch, Atrial fibrillation, Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, Dementia, Depression, Dysmenorrhea, Hypertension, Local dermal analgesia, Menopausal symptoms, Motion sickness, Osteoporosis, Overactive bladder, Parkinson’s disease, Post herpetic neuralgia pain, Smoking cessation, Tic disorder, Tourette syndrome and to prevent pregnancy. In transdermal patch, drug is used in micro/nano form with chemically produced permeation enhancers (CPEs) and other smart physio-chemical techniques that makes it very easy to apply, imparts maximum active pharmaceutical ingredients with controlled release of drug. Methodology: Ancient classical Unani formulations of Lazūq was appraised and then its course with respect to today’s newer formulations as transdermal patch was reviewed to look for its progress and application in novel dosage form with the advantage of innovations in pharmaceutical and allied sciences. Conclusion: Classical Unani formulations of Lazūq must be reviewed, transformed, evaluated, coped and applied as per the standard operating procedures (SOPs) of transdermal drug delivery system. Future Prospects: New formulations of Lazūq should be designed and appraised from the medicinal treasure of Unani system of medicine for different therapeutic conditions.
  

Collaboration and Development of Standard Operating Procedures for Prospective Evaluation and Collection of Biospecimens in Neurosarcoidosis (P8-14.005)

Collaboration and Development of Standard Operating Procedures for Prospective Evaluation and Collection of Biospecimens in Neurosarcoidosis (P8-14.005)

A Policy Examination of Covid-19 Impact on the Radiology Department Standard Operating Procedures (SOPs): The Malaysian Experience

The purpose of this paper is to review the new management policy in medical imaging of the Covid-19 post-pandemic transition. This paper discussed the Standard Operating Procedure (SOP) introduced by the Ministry of Health (MoH) Malaysia to prevent and control intrahospital transmissions of Covid-19. A conceptual framework is proposed to highlight the key areas in the national SOP for preventing Covid-19 intrahospital transmissions in the radiology department. The key areas were classified into four categories: planned requests (patient appointments), (ii) open-access management (walk-in patient workflow and the triage system), (iii) direct contact (during radiology procedures), and (iv) exit policy and disinfection (post imaging conduct). The paper ends with a summary of diagnostic imaging classifications based on chest radiographs (CXR) and Computed Tomography (CT) images of suspected and confirmed Covid-19 patients. The Covid-19 SOP for the radiology department by the MoH was found to retain most of the patient quarantine and isolation guidelines by the Centre for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) and incorporated several international policies on patient triage and disinfection of radiological equipment. The majority of the SOP is also sustained, like the SOP during the pandemic, except for the SOP that has been proven to be insignificant by recent research. The Covid-19 SOP for the radiology department plays an important role in reducing the intrahospital spread of Covid-19, with some areas needing improvement. Health workers in the radiology department should continue implementing the Covid-19 SOP and increase their knowledge in identifying Covid-19 signs on radiographic images to help safeguard themselves and the patients from intrahospital transmissions.

Analysis Of The Purchasing Mechanism For The Procurement Process Of Housekeeping Department Goods At The Four Pointby Sheraton Hotel Medan

The purpose of this study is to describe and explain the role of Purchasing in procuring goods at Four Point by Sheraton Medan Hotel. The results of the research are expected to be a reference and consideration for the Finance Department and more precisely for the Purchasing Department regarding the role of Purchasing in the procurement of Housekeeping Department goods. Purchasing is an important part of an organization where Purchasing's job is to provide all thegoods needed by the company starting from physical goods, services and services This type of research uses case studies of data collected by observation, interviews, documentation,and literature study techniques. The variables are the Purchasing Mechanism and Procurement of Goods (Y). this research itself uses a qualitative approach with descriptive analysis. The results of the analysis of observations and interviews conducted with Mr. Agus as Purchasing Officer stated that the role of Purchasing in the process of ordering goods, procuring goods, and distributing Housekeeping Department goods must be in accordance with the Standard Operational Procedure (SOP). In the Supplier selection process must be carried out in a transparent manner and must have at least 3 suppliers in order to avoid the unavailability of goods requested by the user. Behind that in order to minimize sudden requests made by users, of course this will help the work / activities of a Purchasing without having to make direct purchases.

Effect Of Storing Perishable Food Ingredients On The Quality Of Food Ingredients In The Kitchen

Utilising food storage is necessary to decrease waste and increase food quality. In this study, the effect of tainted food storage on its quality was evaluated at the Cambridge Hotel Medan. 35 people gathered to hear the announcement. Quantitative techniques using a Likert scale and inferential statistics like validity, reliability, simple regression, and determination are included in data analysis. The Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) version 25 was used for the analysis. The study's findings revealed that, according to the determination test, the Cambridge Hotel Medan's food storage had a 12.6% influence on quality, while other factors outside the study had an 87.4% impact. With a significance level of 0.037, the sum of the t values (2,180) exceeds the table of the t values (2.036). The Ha hypotheses are therefore accepted, and the H0 hypothesis is disproved. According to the Ha hypothesis, there is a direct correlation between the integrity of food and how it is stored. Food and beverage goods must be further trained and supervised at storage in line with Standard Operating Procedures (SOP) in order to reduce food waste.

Analysis of Fatal Construction Accidents in Indonesia—A Case Study

Booming demand for facilities and infrastructure in Indonesia has led to an increase in construction-related accidents. Court rulings provide valuable data on accident circumstances, which can help improve safety standards. Although information on these accidents is scarce and not systematically consolidated, effective data gathering and analysis can lead to better safety outcomes. This study analyzes 150 court rulings in construction industry accident cases and their related decision frameworks to identify seven risk categories using scenario analysis. The correlative patterns and their associated significance are explored via descriptive statistical analysis, and four categories, namely project, task, accident, and medium, were found to be correlated. The results of the cross-tabulation test between two categories were used to highlight correlated categories. Toll road works accounted for 52% of accident cases, with collisions with construction machinery being the most frequent accident type (36%, 76 cases). Lifting and moving goods had respective phi and Cramer values of 0.534 and 0.001. It is obvious that future safety improvement efforts should focus on roadway projects and utilizing construction vehicles for transportation and lifting work. This can be achieved through increased regulatory compliance, proper utilization of standard operating procedures (SOPs), and ensuring vehicle suitability. The results of this study are highly relevant to workplace health and safety officers and risk management personnel.

Society of American Gastrointestinal and Endoscopic Surgeons guidelines development: health equity update to standard operating procedure.

The SAGES Guidelines Committee creates evidence-based clinical practice guidelines. Due to existing health disparities, recommendations made in these guidelines may have different impacts on different populations. The updates to our standard operating procedure described herein will allow us to produce well-designed guidelines that take these disparities into account and potentially reduce health inequities. This paper outlines updates to the SAGES Guidelines Committee Standard Operating Procedure in order to incorporate issues of heath equity into our guideline development process with the goal of minimizing downstream health disparities. SAGES has developed an evidence-based, standardized approach to consider issues of health equity throughout the guideline development process to allow physicians to better counsel patients and make research recommendations to better address disparities. Societies that promote guidelines within their organization must make an intentional effort to prevent the widening of health disparities as a result of their recommendations. The updates to the Guidelines Committee Standard Operating Procedure will hopefully lead to increased attention to these disparities and provide specific recommendations to reduce them.

STRATEGI PENINGKATAN SANITASI ROOM ATTENDANT UNTUK MENCIPTAKAN CITRA POSITIF PADA SAHID BATAM CENTER HOTEL & CONVENTION

Sanitation, which encompasses the maintenance of both personal and environmental cleanliness, serves as a pivotal measure in preventing the spread of diseases, particularly in communal settings such as the Sahid Batam Center Hotel & Convention. Within the context of this establishment, the focus of this study lies in investigating the sanitation management strategies employed by room attendants to bolster the hotel's favorable perception. Employing qualitative methodologies, the research involved in-depth interviews with key personnel from the housekeeping department, including the executive housekeeper, housekeeping supervisor, and room attendant, alongside soliciting feedback from a guest. The findings underscore the meticulous adherence to sanitation protocols and cleanliness standards as outlined in the Standard Operating Procedures (SOP). It becomes apparent that such stringent adherence not only mitigates the occurrence of undesirable incidents but also fosters an environment conducive to promoting positive perceptions of the Sahid Batam Center Hotel & Convention. Notably, guests' responses affirm the efficacy of these efforts, citing the establishment's commendable hygiene standards and the exemplary warmth exhibited by its staff towards patrons. This confluence of factors underscores the hotel's commitment to not only maintaining optimal cleanliness but also cultivating a hospitable ambiance that enhances its overall image.

Assessment of Antimicrobial Resistance Laboratory-based Surveillance Capacity of Hospitals in Zambia: Findings and Implications for System Strengthening

A well-established antimicrobial resistance (AMR) laboratory-based surveillance (LBS) is of utmost importance in a country like Zambia which bears a significant proportion of the world's communicable disease burden. This study assessed the capacity of laboratories in selected hospitals to conduct AMR surveillance in Zambia. This cross-sectional exploratory study was conducted among eight (8) purposively selected hospitals in Zambia between August 2023 and December 2023. Data were collected using the self-scoring Laboratory Assessment of Antibiotic Resistance Testing Capacity (LAARC) tool. Of the assessed facilities, none had full capacity to conduct AMR surveillance with varying capacities ranging from moderate [63% (5/8)] to low [38% (3/8)]. Some of the barriers of AMR-LBS were the lack of electronic laboratory information system (LIS) [63% (5/8)] and the lack of locally generated antibiograms [75% (6/8)]. Quality control for antimicrobial susceptibility testing (AST), pathogen identification and media preparation had the lowest overall score among all the facilities with a score of 14%, 20% and 44% respectively. The highest overall scores were in specimen processing (79%), data management (78%), specimen collection, transport, and management (71%) and safety (70%). Most facilities had standard operating procedures (SOPs) in place but lacked specimen-specific SOPs. The absence of laboratories with full capacity to conduct AMR surveillance hinders efforts to combat AMR and further complicates the treatment outcomes of infectious diseases. Establishing and strengthening LBS systems are essential in quantifying the burden of AMR and supporting the development of local antibiograms and treatment guidelines.

Model Komunikasi dalam Penanggulangan Bencana Kebakaran Hutan dan Lahan oleh Badan Penanggulangan Bencana Daerah Kabupaten Bintan

The purpose of this research is to find out the communication model and inhibiting factors in forest and land fire disaster management by the Regional Disaster Management Agency of Bintan Regency. This research uses a qualitative approach with descriptive research type. The data collection techniques used are observation, interviews, and documentation. Based on the results of research using the Wilbur Schramm Communication Model theory, it shows that (1) In the source indicator, the messenger has communicated such as Schools, Communities, Villages, RT / RW, Bhabinkamtibmas and Babinsa. However, in its implementation, the source of the messenger still does not understand the mechanism for reporting forest and land fire disaster events. (2) In the message indicator, it is characterized by reports of forest and land fire disasters delivered through Whatsapp, Instagram and Mass Media. However, the messages conveyed are not always complete, accurate and precise. (3) In the target indicator, there are still obstacles in communication and lack of trust in receiving reports of forest and land fire disasters. The conclusion in this research is that the two-way communication model used is already running. However, the two-way communication carried out still has obstacles because there is no Standard Operating Procedure (SOP) for communication of forest and land fire disaster management in accordance with the Bintan Regency area. 

Implementation of a Radiation Safety Management System in Conventional Spaces in the Radiology Installation

Klungkung Regional General Hospital is one of the health services owned by the Klungkung district government in the form of a hospital, managed by the Klungkung district government and recorded as a type B hospital. At the Klungkung Regional General Hospital, there are several things that are not in accordance with the radiation safety management system determined by BAPETEN. Some of these things that are not suitable such as the lack of compliance of radiation workers with the standard operating procedures (SOPs) of radiation work in conventional rooms which are often found things outside the provisions, the use of equipment such as aprons and there are doors in the radiological examination room that have leaks, because environmental exposure measurements have been made in the area and leaks were found,  and also monitoring the health of radiation workers who have not been optimal. This type of research uses descriptive qualitative research methods with an observational approach from the routine activities of radiation workers at the Radiology Installation of the Klungkung Regional General Hospital. The Radiology Installation of the Klungkung Regional General Hospital has met the BAPETEN Perka standard No.4 of 2020 but there are still some that have not met the standards for the Implementation of the Radiation Safety Management System in the Conventional Room at the Radiology Installation of the Klungkung Regional General Hospital, including the conventional room inspection door to the operator room experiencing a leak, it has been reported to the relevant party in this case for follow-up so that the detected radiation leak can Dealt with immediately.

The Relationship of Standard Operating Procedures for Services at the Health Center to Community Satisfaction During the Covid-19 Pandemic in Kendari City

Backgrounds: When Covid-19 became a pandemic in Indonesia, it automatically changed the face of the administrative structure and work patterns within government agencies. Starting from the term physical distancing that is applied to the work process that has shifted, from working in the office to working from home. The development of online-based service, administration and coordination processes is starting to be pursued as much as possible in each government agency environment, both central government and regional government. This is what attracted the author to conduct research on the Relationship between Standard Operating Procedures for Community Health Center Services and Community Satisfaction during the Covid-19 Pandemic in Kendari City
 Methods: This research is quantitative research, using a cross sectional survey approach. The population is all people who receive health services and the sample is 385 at the Kendari City Health Center.
 Results: The pvalue (0.038) and X2hit (6.532) were obtained, because the pvalue (0.038) < α (0.05) and the X2hit value (6.532) >
 Conclusion: Health center are expected to be able to provide basic health services and become pioneers in driving development in their working areas. Health center are required to provide good quality services in terms of management, resources, facilities and infrastructure so that the services provided are in accordance with standard operational procedures.

Analysis of practical experience in the development and implementation of standard operating procedures in the activities of nursing medical staff on the base of the FSBHI MRC «Sergievsk mineral waters» FMBA of Russia

The use of innovative technologies in the daily practice of a nurse makes her work more professional, ensures safety and convenience when performing basic professional tasks, reduces labor costs, and allows for the implementation of the diagnostic and treatment process quickly and efficiently. Target. To analyze the experience of developing and implementing standard operating procedures for nurses for 2022–2023. Results. The successful development and further implementation of SOPs for various types of activities of nursing staff was completed; solved problems that arose during the development and implementation of SOPs by creating corrective actions with mutual analysis, taking into account the feedback of the team of specialists; the proposed technologies and standard documents can be used as a model by most medical organizations. Conclusion. In the Federal State Budgetary Healthcare Institution MRC «Sergievsk Mineral Waters» FMBA of Russia, as of January 2024, the following have been developed: 121 SOPs, 30 SOPs have been revised. In 2024, 4 SOPs were introduced in medical organizations and continuous work is underway to further develop them.

Implementation Risk Control Law Number 2 of 2022 By Commission V House of Representatives of The Republic of Indonesia Period 2019 – 2024

Controlling Risks in the Implementation of Law of the Republic of Indonesia No. 2/2022 concerning Road by Commission V DPR RI for the 2019-2024 Period. Jakarta: Postgraduate Program at the Christian University of Indonesian Jakarta, 2022. This research is aiming to analyze the control of the implementation of Law RI No. 2/2022 about Road based on revision result of UU RI No. 38/2004. The qualitative method is used this research and had designed 2 main constructs, namely risk control which refers to the Bow Tie Analysis (BTA) paradigm that recommended by ISO 31000: 2008 and George Edwards' implementation paradigm which has 4 variables as following Communication, Resources, Attitudes, and Bureaucratic Structure. The research objects are members of Commission V DPR RI for the 2019-2024 period in carrying out supervisory/control functions. The results of this research indicate that implementation risks include communication distortions that use sharing information meetings (RDP) as transmission. The risk of resource variables is the occurrence of imbalances in human resources, finance/systems, processes and methods. Meanwhile, the most significant risk is the bureaucratic structure variable, the occurrence of slowness and confusion due to Standard Operational Procedures (SOP) and fragmentation of authority between institutions and ministries regarding the acceleration of increasing regional road connectivity as mandated in Presidential Instruction No. 3/2023.

REVIEW OF TIME OF PROVISION OF MEDICAL RECORD DOCUMENTS IN POLY OUTPATIENT PATIENTS

Objectives: To find out the description of the Time of Providing Medical Record Documents for Outpatient Polyclinic Patients at Tk Hospital. IV Kencana Attack in 2022. Methodology: This research uses descriptive research with interview and observation methods. The subjects in this study were 6 people consisting of the head of the medical record, the medical record coordinator, the filing officer, the receiving/returning medical record document, the medical record distribution officer and the registration officer, and the object of this study was the patient's medical record document. outpatients borrowed from the inner poly with the average number of medical record documents borrowed per day is 20 medical record documents. The research instrument used observation sheets, interview guidelines, stopwatches, and recorders. Results: As many as 13 officers who play a role in providing outpatient medical record documents, only 1 has a D3 Medical Record and Health Information educational background. Standard Operating Procedures related to the Provision of Outpatient Medical Record Documents are not yet owned. As many as 81 medical record documents were observed, medical record documents that were in accordance with the SPM (≤10 minutes) were 39 (48%) with an average time of providing medical record documents of 8 minutes, while the number of medical record documents that were not in accordance with the SPM (>10 minutes) as many as 42 (52%) with an average time of providing medical record documents 14 minutes 12 seconds.

A Study of the Influence of First Aid Education and RICE Protocol on Athletes

Background: Injuries during training, sports activities, or after competitions are called sports injuries. Among the Injuries experienced by Merpati Putih athletes, there were 19 cases of bruising, five cases of dislocation, 23 cases of muscle cramps, two cases of bone fractures, and six students who did not experience any injuries. Method: The research design used in this study was pre-experimental with the One-group Pretest-Posttest Design approach. The total sample size was 37 respondents. The research instruments utilized questionnaires and Standard Operating Procedures (SOP). The data analysis employed the Wilcoxon statistical test. Results: There was an increase in the average level of knowledge and skills before and after. The results revealed a P-value of 0.001 for the knowledge level and a P-value of 0.001 for the skill level. Both sets of statistical data indicated that P0.05. Conclusion: There is on effect of First Aid Education on Sports Injury with RICE on the risk of sports injury towards the knowledge and skills level of Merpati Putih athletes.

Factors Related to the Completeness of Electronic Surgical Safety Checklist Documentation in Banyumas Public Hospital

Background: Patient safety in surgery is a program established by the WHO and is a standard for accreditation by KARS, implementing the electronic surgical safety checklist. This has been proven to reduce patient safety incidents in the surgical room. Method: This quantitative research used a descriptive correlation design with a cross-sectional approach. A total sampling technique was employed, involving 34 surgical nurses in the Central Surgical Installation of RSUD Banyumas, who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The research instrument utilized an observation sheet based on the surgical safety checklist Standard Operating Procedure (SPO) at RSUD Banyumas. Data analysis was conducted using the chi-square test. Results: The results of the study revealed that the majority of nurses were male (70.6%), aged between 31-40 years (41.2%), and above 40 years (41.2%), with a DIII level of education (70.6%), and work experience of 1-5 years (44.1%), and they completed the electronic surgical safety checklist documentation (67.6%). Age, education level, and work experience correlate with the completeness of electronic surgical safety checklist documentation at RSUD Banyumas (p-value ? ?). Conclusion: Age, education level, and work experience related to the completeness of electronic surgical safety checklist documentation at RSUD Banyumas.

Factors related to nurse compliance in monitoring infusion fluid in hospital

Infusion therapy involves the intravenous administration of drugs, fluids, and blood products to hospitalized clients. This study aimed to identify factors influencing nurse compliance in monitoring infusion fluids according to Standard Operating Procedures (SOPs). The research adopted a quantitative approach with a descriptive correlational design and a cross-sectional approach, focusing on a study population of 50 nurses. Data collection utilized observation techniques and questionnaires as research instruments, with the analysis employing Kendall's Tau B and Kendall's Tau C methods. The findings revealed significant correlations between age (p-value=0.000), education (p-value=0.006), career path level (p-value=0.013), and knowledge (p-value=0.011). However, there was no significant relationship between the length of work experience and nurse compliance in monitoring infusion fluids (p-value=0.257) according to SOPs in this private hospital. To enhance the quality of care, it is recommended that nurses receive additional training provided by the nursing education team at the hospital, focusing specifically on the monitoring of infusion fluids. This targeted training could contribute to reducing instances of complaints related to mismatched patient needs and ultimately improve compliance with established SOPs in infusion therapy.